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Use ansible.builtin.su, spaces in caddy blockinfile, relax MD060/MD036 and line length for homelab documentation tables. Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
265 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
265 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
# Security Audit Report
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**Date:** 2026-05-20
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**Auditor:** Automated read-only scan (`scripts/security-audit-*.sh`)
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**Scope:** Proxmox nodes `pve201` (10.0.10.201) and `pve10` (10.0.10.10), all LXCs via `pct exec`, SSH deep-dive on hypervisors.
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**Repo baseline** (`roles/ssh/defaults/main.yml`): `PermitRootLogin prohibit-password`, `PasswordAuthentication no`, UFW enabled.
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---
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## Executive summary
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| Area | Critical | High | Medium |
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|------|----------|------|--------|
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| Hypervisors (201, 10) | 2 | 4 | 2 |
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| LXCs on 201 (10 running) | 0 | 10 | 8 |
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| LXCs on 10 (3 running) | 0 | 3 | 3 |
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**Top priorities**
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1. Harden **SSH on both Proxmox hosts** (root + passwords currently allowed).
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2. Restrict **Proxmox API/UI port 8006** to admin IPs.
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3. Disable **password SSH on all LXCs**; deploy keys + `make copy-ssh-keys` for inventory IPs.
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4. Patch hosts with **40–105** pending apt upgrades (hypervisors worst).
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5. Put **HTTP services** (8080, 8000, qBit, etc.) behind reverse proxy + TLS or bind to internal IPs.
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---
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## Proxmox hypervisors
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### pve201 — 10.0.10.201 (`pve`)
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| Resource | Status |
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|----------|--------|
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| OS | Debian 12, PVE 8.4.16, kernel 6.8.12-18-pve |
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| RAM free | ~2.5 GB / 126 GB (**critical**) |
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| Pending apt | **105** |
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| UFW / fail2ban / unattended-upgrades | **None** |
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#### SSH audit (dedicated)
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| Setting | Current | Target |
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|---------|---------|--------|
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| `permitrootlogin` | **yes** | `prohibit-password` |
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| `passwordauthentication` | **yes** | `no` |
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| `pubkeyauthentication` | yes | yes |
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| `maxauthtries` | 6 | 3–4 |
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| `x11forwarding` | yes | no (on servers) |
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| Root keys | 3 keys in `authorized_keys` | audit/remove unused |
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#### Exposed services
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| Port | Service | Risk |
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|------|---------|------|
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| 22 | SSH | Brute-force (no fail2ban) |
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| 8006 | Proxmox API/UI | **Critical** — full cluster control |
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| 3128 | spiceproxy | Medium |
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| 111 | rpcbind | Low — reduce exposure |
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#### Fixes (pve201)
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```bash
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# 1) SSH — prefer Ansible after limiting to your IP
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make copy-ssh-key HOST=pve201 # if needed
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# Manual quick fix on host:
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sed -i 's/^#*PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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sed -i 's/^#*PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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sshd -t && systemctl reload sshd
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# 2) Proxmox firewall — Datacenter → Firewall → restrict 8006 to 10.0.10.0/24 or admin IP
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# Or iptables on host for port 8006
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# 3) fail2ban
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apt install fail2ban -y
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systemctl enable --now fail2ban
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# 4) Auto security updates
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apt install unattended-upgrades apt-listchanges -y
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dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades
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# 5) Patch
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apt update && apt upgrade -y
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```
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**Ansible (when ready):** add `pve201` / `pve10` to a `proxmox` group play with `roles/ssh` + `roles/monitoring_server` (fail2ban).
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Do **not** lock yourself out — test with second session first.
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---
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### pve10 — 10.0.10.10 (`PVENAS`)
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| Resource | Status |
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|----------|--------|
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| OS | Debian 13 (trixie), PVE, kernel 6.17.13-3-pve |
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| Load | **~30** on 24 CPUs (overloaded) |
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| Pending apt | **92** |
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| UFW / fail2ban / unattended-upgrades | **None** |
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| ZFS `NAS.SP00` | **inactive** (I/O suspended) |
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| PBS `PVEBUVD00` → 10.0.10.200:8007 | **unreachable** |
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#### SSH audit (dedicated)
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Same as pve201: `permitrootlogin yes`, `passwordauthentication yes`, 3 root authorized_keys.
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#### Exposed services
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| Port | Service | Risk |
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|------|---------|------|
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| 22 | SSH | High |
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| 8006 | Proxmox API/UI | **Critical** |
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| 2049, mountd, statd | NFS/RPC | High on LAN |
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| 3128 | spiceproxy | Medium |
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#### Fixes (pve10)
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Same SSH / fail2ban / unattended-upgrades / patch steps as pve201.
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Additional:
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```bash
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# Investigate ZFS pool
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zpool status NAS.SP00
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# Fix PBS connectivity or remove stale datastore from Proxmox UI
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```
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---
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## LXCs on pve201 (via `pct exec`)
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| VMID | Name | IP | Status | SSH root | Password auth | UFW | fail2ban | Upgrades | Public services |
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|------|------|-----|--------|----------|---------------|-----|----------|----------|-----------------|
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| 301 | vikunja-debian | 10.0.10.159 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | 0 | **3456**, 22 |
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| 302 | qbit-debian | 10.0.10.91 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | 0 | **8080** (qBit), 22 |
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| 303 | searchXNG-debian | 10.0.10.70 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | **83** | **8080**, 22 |
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| 304 | wireguard-debian | 10.0.10.192 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | 0 | 22 |
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| 305 | kuma-debian | 10.0.10.197 | **stopped** | — | — | — | — | — | replaced by LXC 218 |
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| 306 | portfolio | — | **destroyed** | — | — | — | — | — | migrated → pve10 LXC **219** @ `10.0.10.106` (purged 2026-05-22) |
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| 307 | jobber-delian | 10.0.10.178 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | **83** | **3005**, 22 |
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| 308 | stirling-pdf | 10.0.10.43 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | 0 | **8080**, 22 |
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| 9001 | pote-dev | 10.0.10.114 | **stopped** | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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| 9101 | punimTagFE-dev | 10.0.10.121 | running | without-password | **yes** | **active** | no | **89** | **8000**, 111, 22 |
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| 9401 | mirrormatch-dev | 10.0.10.141 | **stopped** | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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**Inventory mapping:** `vikanjans` → 159, `qBittorrent` → 91, `punimTag` app → 121.
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### Common LXC issues (pve201)
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| Issue | Severity | Fix |
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|-------|----------|-----|
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| `passwordauthentication yes` on all LXCs | High | Set `PasswordAuthentication no` in `/etc/ssh/sshd_config`, reload sshd |
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| No fail2ban | High | Install fail2ban or rely on Proxmox FW + LAN segmentation |
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| Apps on `0.0.0.0:8080` / 8000 / 3456 | High | Bind to localhost + Caddy, or restrict via Proxmox guest firewall (`firewall=1` on net0 — enable rules) |
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| 79–89 pending upgrades on several CTs | Medium | `pct exec <id> -- apt update && apt upgrade -y` |
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| Stopped dev CTs (9001, 9401) | Low | Start when needed or keep stopped to reduce attack surface |
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### Per-LXC fixes (pve201)
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```bash
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# Example: harden + patch vikunja (301) from Proxmox host
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pct exec 301 -- sed -i 's/^#*PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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pct exec 301 -- systemctl reload ssh
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# Patch container
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pct exec 303 -- bash -c 'apt update && apt upgrade -y'
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# Copy your SSH key (from Mac, once password/key works)
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make copy-ssh-key HOST=vikanjans # 10.0.10.159
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make copy-ssh-key HOST=qBittorrent # 10.0.10.91
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```
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**punimTagFE-dev (9101):** Only LXC with **UFW active** — extend rules to deny inbound except 22 from admin subnet; still disable password auth.
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---
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## LXCs on pve10 (via `pct exec`)
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| VMID | Name | IP | Status | SSH root | Password auth | UFW | fail2ban | Upgrades | Public services |
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|------|------|-----|--------|----------|---------------|-----|----------|----------|-----------------|
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| 210 | cal | 10.0.10.228 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | 0 | **3000**, 22 |
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| 215 | caseware | 10.0.10.105 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | **40** | **80** (nginx), 22 |
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| 216 | auto | 10.0.10.59 | running | without-password | **yes** | no | no | **40** | **80** (nginx), 22 |
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**Inventory mapping:** `caseware` → 105, `auto` → 59.
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### Fixes (pve10 LXCs)
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```bash
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# SSH harden caseware (215)
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pct exec 215 -- sed -i 's/^#*PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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pct exec 215 -- systemctl reload sshd
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# Patch
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pct exec 215 -- apt update && apt upgrade -y
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pct exec 216 -- apt update && apt upgrade -y
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# Deploy keys from Mac
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make copy-ssh-key HOST=caseware
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make copy-ssh-key HOST=auto
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```
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**HTTP port 80 on caseware/auto:** Ensure TLS termination on Caddy (inventory host `caddy` 10.0.10.50) and no plain HTTP from WAN if exposed.
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---
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## SSH hardening checklist (all Linux targets)
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Use this order to avoid lockout:
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1. Confirm your key works: `ssh -o BatchMode=yes root@<ip> true`
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2. Set `PasswordAuthentication no`
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3. Set `PermitRootLogin prohibit-password` (LXCs already `without-password` — equivalent for keys-only)
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4. `sshd -t && systemctl reload sshd`
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5. Open **second terminal** and test before closing first
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6. Optional: change SSH port, `MaxAuthTries 4`, disable `X11Forwarding`
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**Ansible alignment:**
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```bash
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# After keys on host
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make dev HOST=<hostname> --tags security
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# or role ssh via playbooks that include roles/ssh
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```
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---
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## Re-run audits
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```bash
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# Hypervisor full audit
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ssh root@10.0.10.201 'bash -s' < scripts/security-audit-remote.sh
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ssh root@10.0.10.10 'bash -s' < scripts/security-audit-remote.sh
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# Hypervisor SSH-only
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ssh root@10.0.10.201 'bash -s' < scripts/security-audit-ssh.sh
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# All LXCs on a node
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ssh root@10.0.10.201 'bash -s' < scripts/security-audit-lxc-via-pve.sh
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ssh root@10.0.10.10 'bash -s' < scripts/security-audit-lxc-via-pve.sh
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```
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---
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## Tracking
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| Item | Owner | Status |
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|------|-------|--------|
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| SSH harden pve201 | | ☐ |
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| SSH harden pve10 | | ☐ |
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| Restrict 8006 on both nodes | | ☐ |
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| fail2ban on hypervisors | | ☐ |
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| Patch pve201 / pve10 | | ☐ |
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| Disable password SSH on all LXCs | | ☐ |
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| `copy-ssh-keys` for inventory | | ☐ |
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| TLS for :80/:8080 services | | ☐ |
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| Fix ZFS NAS.SP00 on pve10 | | ☐ |
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---
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## References
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- **[Security remediation plan](security-remediation-plan.md)** — phased fixes (critical → low) and login model
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- [Security hardening guide](security.md)
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- [SECURITY_HARDENING_PLAN.md](../SECURITY_HARDENING_PLAN.md)
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- Role defaults: `roles/ssh/defaults/main.yml`
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