# Mixed ANOVA Analysis for Domain Means # EOHI Experiment Data Analysis - Domain Level Analysis # Variables: NPast_mean_pref, NPast_mean_pers, NPast_mean_val, NPast_mean_life # NFut_mean_pref, NFut_mean_pers, NFut_mean_val, NFut_mean_life # Load required libraries library(tidyverse) library(ez) library(car) library(afex) # For aov_ez (cleaner ANOVA output) library(nortest) # For normality tests library(emmeans) # For post-hoc comparisons library(purrr) # For map functions library(effsize) # For Cohen's d calculations library(effectsize) # For effect size calculations # Global options to remove scientific notation options(scipen = 999) # Set contrasts to sum for mixed ANOVA (necessary for proper interpretation) options(contrasts = c("contr.sum", "contr.poly")) setwd("C:/Users/irina/Documents/DND/EOHI/eohi1") # Read the data data <- read.csv("exp1.csv") # Display basic information about the dataset print(paste("Dataset dimensions:", paste(dim(data), collapse = " x"))) print(paste("Number of participants:", length(unique(data$pID)))) # Verify the specific variables we need required_vars <- c("NPast_mean_pref", "NPast_mean_pers", "NPast_mean_val", "NPast_mean_life", "NFut_mean_pref", "NFut_mean_pers", "NFut_mean_val", "NFut_mean_life") missing_vars <- required_vars[!required_vars %in% colnames(data)] if (length(missing_vars) > 0) { print(paste("Warning: Missing variables:", paste(missing_vars, collapse = ", "))) } else { print("All required domain mean variables found!") } # Define domain mapping domain_mapping <- data.frame( variable = c("NPast_mean_pref", "NPast_mean_pers", "NPast_mean_val", "NPast_mean_life", "NFut_mean_pref", "NFut_mean_pers", "NFut_mean_val", "NFut_mean_life"), time = c(rep("Past", 4), rep("Future", 4)), domain = rep(c("Preferences", "Personality", "Values", "Life"), 2), stringsAsFactors = FALSE ) # Domain mapping created # Efficient data pivoting using pivot_longer long_data <- data %>% select(pID, ResponseId, TEMPORAL_DO, all_of(required_vars)) %>% pivot_longer( cols = all_of(required_vars), names_to = "variable", values_to = "MEAN_DIFFERENCE" ) %>% left_join(domain_mapping, by = "variable") %>% # Convert to factors with proper levels (note: columns are 'time' and 'domain' from mapping) mutate( TIME = factor(time, levels = c("Past", "Future")), DOMAIN = factor(domain, levels = c("Preferences", "Personality", "Values", "Life")), pID = as.factor(pID), TEMPORAL_DO = as.factor(TEMPORAL_DO) ) %>% # Select final columns and remove any rows with missing values select(pID, ResponseId, TEMPORAL_DO, TIME, DOMAIN, MEAN_DIFFERENCE) %>% filter(!is.na(MEAN_DIFFERENCE)) print(paste("Long data dimensions:", paste(dim(long_data), collapse = " x"))) print(paste("Number of participants:", length(unique(long_data$pID)))) # ============================================================================= # DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS # ============================================================================= # Overall descriptive statistics by TIME and DOMAIN desc_stats <- long_data %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( n = n(), mean = round(mean(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), variance = round(var(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), sd = round(sd(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), median = round(median(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), q1 = round(quantile(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, 0.25, na.rm = TRUE), 5), q3 = round(quantile(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, 0.75, na.rm = TRUE), 5), min = round(min(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), max = round(max(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), .groups = 'drop' ) print("Descriptive statistics by TIME and DOMAIN:") print(desc_stats) # Descriptive statistics by between-subjects factors desc_stats_by_temporal <- long_data %>% group_by(TEMPORAL_DO, TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( n = n(), mean = round(mean(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), variance = round(var(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), sd = round(sd(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, na.rm = TRUE), 5), .groups = 'drop' ) print("Descriptive statistics by TEMPORAL_DO, TIME, and DOMAIN:") print(desc_stats_by_temporal) # ============================================================================= # ASSUMPTION TESTING # ============================================================================= # Remove missing values for assumption testing long_data_clean <- long_data[!is.na(long_data$MEAN_DIFFERENCE), ] print(paste("Data after removing missing values:", paste(dim(long_data_clean), collapse = " x"))) # 1. Missing values check missing_summary <- long_data %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( n_total = n(), n_missing = sum(is.na(MEAN_DIFFERENCE)), pct_missing = round(100 * n_missing / n_total, 2), .groups = 'drop' ) print("Missing values by TIME and DOMAIN:") print(missing_summary) # 2. Outlier detection outlier_summary <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( n = n(), mean = mean(MEAN_DIFFERENCE), sd = sd(MEAN_DIFFERENCE), q1 = quantile(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, 0.25), q3 = quantile(MEAN_DIFFERENCE, 0.75), iqr = q3 - q1, lower_bound = q1 - 1.5 * iqr, upper_bound = q3 + 1.5 * iqr, n_outliers = sum(MEAN_DIFFERENCE < lower_bound | MEAN_DIFFERENCE > upper_bound), .groups = 'drop' ) print("Outlier summary (IQR method):") print(outlier_summary) # 3. Anderson-Darling normality test (streamlined) normality_results <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( n = n(), ad_statistic = ad.test(.data$MEAN_DIFFERENCE)$statistic, ad_p_value = ad.test(.data$MEAN_DIFFERENCE)$p.value, .groups = 'drop' ) print("Anderson-Darling normality test results:") # Round only the numeric columns normality_results_rounded <- normality_results %>% mutate(across(where(is.numeric), ~ round(.x, 5))) print(normality_results_rounded) # 4. Homogeneity of variance (Levene's test) # Test homogeneity across TIME within each DOMAIN homogeneity_time <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(DOMAIN) %>% summarise( levene_F = leveneTest(MEAN_DIFFERENCE ~ TIME)$`F value`[1], levene_p = leveneTest(MEAN_DIFFERENCE ~ TIME)$`Pr(>F)`[1], .groups = 'drop' ) print("Homogeneity of variance across TIME within each DOMAIN:") print(homogeneity_time) # Test homogeneity across DOMAIN within each TIME homogeneity_domain <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(TIME) %>% summarise( levene_F = leveneTest(MEAN_DIFFERENCE ~ DOMAIN)$`F value`[1], levene_p = leveneTest(MEAN_DIFFERENCE ~ DOMAIN)$`Pr(>F)`[1], .groups = 'drop' ) print("Homogeneity of variance across DOMAIN within each TIME:") print(homogeneity_domain) # ============================================================================= # HARTLEY'S F-MAX TEST WITH BOOTSTRAP CRITICAL VALUES # ============================================================================= # Function to calculate Hartley's F-max ratio calculate_hartley_ratio <- function(variances) { max(variances, na.rm = TRUE) / min(variances, na.rm = TRUE) } # ============================================================================= # CALCULATE OBSERVED F-MAX RATIOS FOR MIXED ANOVA # ============================================================================= # For mixed ANOVA: Test homogeneity across BETWEEN-SUBJECTS factor (TEMPORAL_DO) # within each combination of within-subjects factors (TIME × DOMAIN) # First, let's check what values TEMPORAL_DO actually has print("=== CHECKING TEMPORAL_DO VALUES ===") print("Unique TEMPORAL_DO values:") print(unique(long_data_clean$TEMPORAL_DO)) print("TEMPORAL_DO value counts:") print(table(long_data_clean$TEMPORAL_DO)) print("\n=== OBSERVED F-MAX RATIOS: TEMPORAL_DO within each TIME × DOMAIN combination ===") observed_temporal_ratios <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( # Calculate variances for each TEMPORAL_DO level within this TIME × DOMAIN combination past_var = var(MEAN_DIFFERENCE[TEMPORAL_DO == "01PAST"], na.rm = TRUE), fut_var = var(MEAN_DIFFERENCE[TEMPORAL_DO == "02FUT"], na.rm = TRUE), # Calculate F-max ratio f_max_ratio = max(past_var, fut_var) / min(past_var, fut_var), .groups = 'drop' ) %>% select(TIME, DOMAIN, past_var, fut_var, f_max_ratio) print(observed_temporal_ratios) # More efficient bootstrap function for Hartley's F-max test bootstrap_hartley_critical <- function(data, group_var, response_var, n_iter = 1000) { # Get unique groups and their sample sizes groups <- unique(data[[group_var]]) # Calculate observed variances for each group observed_vars <- data %>% dplyr::group_by(!!rlang::sym(group_var)) %>% dplyr::summarise(var = var(!!rlang::sym(response_var), na.rm = TRUE), .groups = 'drop') %>% dplyr::pull(var) # Handle invalid variances if(any(observed_vars <= 0 | is.na(observed_vars))) { observed_vars[observed_vars <= 0 | is.na(observed_vars)] <- 1e-10 } # Calculate observed F-max ratio observed_ratio <- max(observed_vars) / min(observed_vars) # Pre-allocate storage for bootstrap ratios bootstrap_ratios <- numeric(n_iter) # Get group data once group_data_list <- map(groups, ~ { group_data <- data[data[[group_var]] == .x, response_var] group_data[!is.na(group_data)] }) # Bootstrap with pre-allocated storage for(i in 1:n_iter) { # Bootstrap sample from each group independently sample_vars <- map_dbl(group_data_list, ~ { bootstrap_sample <- sample(.x, size = length(.x), replace = TRUE) var(bootstrap_sample, na.rm = TRUE) }) bootstrap_ratios[i] <- max(sample_vars) / min(sample_vars) } # Remove invalid ratios valid_ratios <- bootstrap_ratios[is.finite(bootstrap_ratios) & !is.na(bootstrap_ratios)] if(length(valid_ratios) == 0) { stop("No valid bootstrap ratios generated") } # Calculate critical value (95th percentile) critical_95 <- quantile(valid_ratios, 0.95, na.rm = TRUE) # Return only essential information return(list( observed_ratio = observed_ratio, critical_95 = critical_95, n_valid_iterations = length(valid_ratios) )) } # Hartley's F-max test across TEMPORAL_DO within each TIME × DOMAIN combination print("\n=== HARTLEY'S F-MAX TEST RESULTS ===") set.seed(123) # For reproducibility hartley_temporal_results <- long_data_clean %>% group_by(TIME, DOMAIN) %>% summarise( hartley_result = list(bootstrap_hartley_critical(pick(TEMPORAL_DO, MEAN_DIFFERENCE), "TEMPORAL_DO", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE")), .groups = 'drop' ) %>% mutate( observed_ratio = map_dbl(hartley_result, ~ .x$observed_ratio), critical_95 = map_dbl(hartley_result, ~ .x$critical_95), significant = observed_ratio > critical_95 ) %>% select(TIME, DOMAIN, observed_ratio, critical_95, significant) print(hartley_temporal_results) # ============================================================================= # MIXED ANOVA ANALYSIS # ============================================================================= # Check data dimensions and structure print(paste("Data size for ANOVA:", nrow(long_data_clean), "rows")) print(paste("Number of participants:", length(unique(long_data_clean$pID)))) print(paste("Design factors: TIME (", length(levels(long_data_clean$TIME)), "), DOMAIN (", length(levels(long_data_clean$DOMAIN)), "), TEMPORAL_DO (", length(levels(long_data_clean$TEMPORAL_DO)), ")", sep = "")) # Check for complete cases complete_cases <- sum(complete.cases(long_data_clean)) print(paste("Complete cases:", complete_cases, "out of", nrow(long_data_clean))) # Check if design is balanced design_balance <- table(long_data_clean$pID, long_data_clean$TIME, long_data_clean$DOMAIN) if(all(design_balance %in% c(0, 1))) { print("Design is balanced: each participant has data for all TIME × DOMAIN combinations") } else { print("Warning: Design is unbalanced") print(summary(as.vector(design_balance))) } # ============================================================================= # MIXED ANOVA WITH SPHERICITY CORRECTIONS # ============================================================================= print("\n=== MIXED ANOVA RESULTS (with sphericity corrections) ===") # Mixed ANOVA using ezANOVA with automatic sphericity corrections # Between-subjects: TEMPORAL_DO (2 levels: 01PAST, 02FUT) # Within-subjects: TIME (2 levels: Past, Future) × DOMAIN (4 levels: Preferences, Personality, Values, Life) mixed_anova_model <- ezANOVA(data = long_data_clean, dv = MEAN_DIFFERENCE, wid = pID, between = TEMPORAL_DO, within = .(TIME, DOMAIN), type = 3, detailed = TRUE) print("ANOVA Results:") anova_output <- mixed_anova_model$ANOVA rownames(anova_output) <- NULL # Reset row numbers to be sequential print(anova_output) # Show Mauchly's test for sphericity print("\nMauchly's Test of Sphericity:") print(mixed_anova_model$Mauchly) # Show sphericity-corrected results (Greenhouse-Geisser and Huynh-Feldt) if(!is.null(mixed_anova_model$`Sphericity Corrections`)) { print("\nGreenhouse-Geisser and Huynh-Feldt Corrections:") print(mixed_anova_model$`Sphericity Corrections`) # Extract and display corrected degrees of freedom cat("\n=== CORRECTED DEGREES OF FREEDOM ===\n") sphericity_corr <- mixed_anova_model$`Sphericity Corrections` anova_table <- mixed_anova_model$ANOVA corrected_df <- data.frame( Effect = sphericity_corr$Effect, Original_DFn = anova_table$DFn[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)], Original_DFd = anova_table$DFd[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)], GG_DFn = anova_table$DFn[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)] * sphericity_corr$GGe, GG_DFd = anova_table$DFd[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)] * sphericity_corr$GGe, HF_DFn = anova_table$DFn[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)] * sphericity_corr$HFe, HF_DFd = anova_table$DFd[match(sphericity_corr$Effect, anova_table$Effect)] * sphericity_corr$HFe, GG_epsilon = sphericity_corr$GGe, HF_epsilon = sphericity_corr$HFe ) print(corrected_df) cat("\n=== CORRECTED F-TESTS ===\n") for(i in seq_len(nrow(corrected_df))) { effect <- corrected_df$Effect[i] f_value <- anova_table$F[match(effect, anova_table$Effect)] cat(sprintf("\n%s:\n", effect)) cat(sprintf(" Original: F(%d, %d) = %.3f\n", corrected_df$Original_DFn[i], corrected_df$Original_DFd[i], f_value)) cat(sprintf(" GG-corrected: F(%.2f, %.2f) = %.3f, p = %.6f\n", corrected_df$GG_DFn[i], corrected_df$GG_DFd[i], f_value, sphericity_corr$`p[GG]`[i])) cat(sprintf(" HF-corrected: F(%.2f, %.2f) = %.3f, p = %.6f\n", corrected_df$HF_DFn[i], corrected_df$HF_DFd[i], f_value, sphericity_corr$`p[HF]`[i])) } } else { print("\nNote: Sphericity corrections not needed (sphericity assumption met)") } # ============================================================================= # EFFECT SIZES (GENERALIZED ETA SQUARED) # ============================================================================= print("\n=== EFFECT SIZES (GENERALIZED ETA SQUARED) ===") # Extract generalized eta squared from ezANOVA (already calculated) effect_sizes <- mixed_anova_model$ANOVA[, c("Effect", "ges")] effect_sizes$ges <- round(effect_sizes$ges, 5) print("Generalized Eta Squared:") print(effect_sizes) # ============================================================================= # POST-HOC COMPARISONS # ============================================================================= # Post-hoc comparisons using emmeans print("\n=== POST-HOC COMPARISONS ===") # Create aov model for emmeans (emmeans requires aov object, not ezANOVA output) aov_model <- aov(MEAN_DIFFERENCE ~ TEMPORAL_DO * TIME * DOMAIN + Error(pID/(TIME * DOMAIN)), data = long_data_clean) # Main effect of TIME print("Main Effect of TIME:") time_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ TIME) print("Estimated Marginal Means:") print(time_emmeans) print("\nPairwise Contrasts:") time_contrasts <- pairs(time_emmeans, adjust = "bonferroni") print(time_contrasts) # Main effect of DOMAIN print("\nMain Effect of DOMAIN:") domain_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ DOMAIN) print("Estimated Marginal Means:") print(domain_emmeans) print("\nPairwise Contrasts:") domain_contrasts <- pairs(domain_emmeans, adjust = "bonferroni") print(domain_contrasts) # Main effect of TEMPORAL_DO print("\nMain Effect of TEMPORAL_DO:") temporal_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ TEMPORAL_DO) temporal_contrasts <- pairs(temporal_emmeans, adjust = "bonferroni") print(temporal_contrasts) # ============================================================================= # INTERACTION EXPLORATIONS # ============================================================================= # TEMPORAL_DO × TIME Interaction print("\n=== TEMPORAL_DO × TIME INTERACTION ===") temporal_time_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ TEMPORAL_DO * TIME) print("Estimated Marginal Means:") print(temporal_time_emmeans) print("\nSimple Effects of TIME within each TEMPORAL_DO:") temporal_time_simple <- pairs(temporal_time_emmeans, by = "TEMPORAL_DO", adjust = "bonferroni") print(temporal_time_simple) print("\nSimple Effects of TEMPORAL_DO within each TIME:") temporal_time_simple2 <- pairs(temporal_time_emmeans, by = "TIME", adjust = "bonferroni") print(temporal_time_simple2) # TIME × DOMAIN Interaction print("\n=== TIME × DOMAIN INTERACTION ===") time_domain_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ TIME * DOMAIN) print("Estimated Marginal Means:") print(time_domain_emmeans) print("\nSimple Effects of DOMAIN within each TIME:") time_domain_simple <- pairs(time_domain_emmeans, by = "TIME", adjust = "bonferroni") print(time_domain_simple) print("\nSimple Effects of TIME within each DOMAIN:") time_domain_simple2 <- pairs(time_domain_emmeans, by = "DOMAIN", adjust = "bonferroni") print(time_domain_simple2) # TEMPORAL_DO × DOMAIN Interaction print("\n=== TEMPORAL_DO × DOMAIN INTERACTION ===") temporal_domain_emmeans <- emmeans(aov_model, ~ TEMPORAL_DO * DOMAIN) print("Estimated Marginal Means:") print(temporal_domain_emmeans) print("\nSimple Effects of DOMAIN within each TEMPORAL_DO:") temporal_domain_simple <- pairs(temporal_domain_emmeans, by = "TEMPORAL_DO", adjust = "bonferroni") print(temporal_domain_simple) print("\nSimple Effects of TEMPORAL_DO within each DOMAIN:") temporal_domain_simple2 <- pairs(temporal_domain_emmeans, by = "DOMAIN", adjust = "bonferroni") print(temporal_domain_simple2) # ============================================================================= # THREE-WAY INTERACTION ANALYSIS (SKIP - TOO SLOW) # ============================================================================= print("\n=== THREE-WAY INTERACTION ANALYSIS ===") print("SKIPPING three-way interaction calculations due to computational intensity") print("(2×2×4 = 16 combinations with 8504 observations)") print("The three-way interaction was non-significant (p = 0.511) anyway") print("Focus on the significant two-way interactions above.") # ============================================================================= # COHEN'S D FOR SIGNIFICANT TWO-WAY INTERACTIONS # ============================================================================= # Cohen's d calculations (library already loaded) print("\n=== COHEN'S D FOR SIGNIFICANT TWO-WAY INTERACTIONS ===") # Function to calculate Cohen's d for pairwise comparisons calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs <- function(pairs_df, data, group1_var, group2_var, response_var) { significant_pairs <- pairs_df[pairs_df$p.value < 0.05, ] if(nrow(significant_pairs) > 0) { cat("Significant pairwise comparisons (p < 0.05):\n") print(significant_pairs) cat("\nCohen's d calculated from raw data:\n") for(i in seq_len(nrow(significant_pairs))) { comparison <- significant_pairs[i, ] contrast_name <- as.character(comparison$contrast) # Parse the contrast contrast_parts <- strsplit(contrast_name, " - ")[[1]] if(length(contrast_parts) == 2) { level1 <- trimws(contrast_parts[1]) level2 <- trimws(contrast_parts[2]) # Get raw data for both conditions if(group2_var %in% colnames(comparison)) { group2_level <- as.character(comparison[[group2_var]]) data1 <- data[[response_var]][ data[[group1_var]] == level1 & data[[group2_var]] == group2_level] data2 <- data[[response_var]][ data[[group1_var]] == level2 & data[[group2_var]] == group2_level] } else { data1 <- data[[response_var]][data[[group1_var]] == level1] data2 <- data[[response_var]][data[[group1_var]] == level2] } if(length(data1) > 0 && length(data2) > 0) { # Calculate Cohen's d using effsize package cohens_d_result <- cohen.d(data1, data2) cat(sprintf("Comparison: %s", contrast_name)) if(group2_var %in% colnames(comparison)) { cat(sprintf(" | %s", group2_level)) } cat(sprintf("\n n1 = %d, n2 = %d\n", length(data1), length(data2))) cat(sprintf(" Cohen's d: %.5f\n", cohens_d_result$estimate)) cat(sprintf(" Effect size interpretation: %s\n", cohens_d_result$magnitude)) cat(sprintf(" p-value: %.5f\n", comparison$p.value)) cat("\n") } } } } else { cat("No significant pairwise comparisons found.\n") } } # ============================================================================= # 1. TEMPORAL_DO × TIME INTERACTION (SIGNIFICANT: p = 0.001) # ============================================================================= print("\n=== COHEN'S D FOR TEMPORAL_DO × TIME INTERACTION ===") # Get simple effects of TIME within each TEMPORAL_DO temporal_time_simple_df <- as.data.frame(temporal_time_simple) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(temporal_time_simple_df, long_data_clean, "TIME", "TEMPORAL_DO", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # Get simple effects of TEMPORAL_DO within each TIME temporal_time_simple2_df <- as.data.frame(temporal_time_simple2) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(temporal_time_simple2_df, long_data_clean, "TEMPORAL_DO", "TIME", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # ============================================================================= # 2. TIME × DOMAIN INTERACTION (SIGNIFICANT: p = 0.012) # ============================================================================= print("\n=== COHEN'S D FOR TIME × DOMAIN INTERACTION ===") # Get simple effects of TIME within each DOMAIN time_domain_simple2_df <- as.data.frame(time_domain_simple2) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(time_domain_simple2_df, long_data_clean, "TIME", "DOMAIN", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # Get simple effects of DOMAIN within each TIME time_domain_simple_df <- as.data.frame(time_domain_simple) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(time_domain_simple_df, long_data_clean, "DOMAIN", "TIME", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # ============================================================================= # 3. TEMPORAL_DO × DOMAIN INTERACTION (MARGINAL: p = 0.058) # ============================================================================= print("\n=== COHEN'S D FOR TEMPORAL_DO × DOMAIN INTERACTION ===") # Get simple effects of TEMPORAL_DO within each DOMAIN temporal_domain_simple2_df <- as.data.frame(temporal_domain_simple2) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(temporal_domain_simple2_df, long_data_clean, "TEMPORAL_DO", "DOMAIN", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # Get simple effects of DOMAIN within each TEMPORAL_DO temporal_domain_simple_df <- as.data.frame(temporal_domain_simple) calculate_cohens_d_for_pairs(temporal_domain_simple_df, long_data_clean, "DOMAIN", "TEMPORAL_DO", "MEAN_DIFFERENCE") # ============================================================================= # 4. THREE-WAY INTERACTION COHEN'S D # ============================================================================= print("\n=== COHEN'S D FOR THREE-WAY INTERACTION ===") # Get pairwise comparisons for the three-way interaction three_way_contrasts_df <- as.data.frame(three_way_contrasts) # For three-way interaction, we need to handle the multiple grouping variables differently print("Three-way interaction Cohen's d calculations:") print("Note: Cohen's d for three-way interactions requires more complex calculations") print("The pairwise comparisons show the TIME effects within each TEMPORAL_DO × DOMAIN combination:") print(three_way_contrasts_df)